# Actual Freedom – Definitions

# Definitions ## Echt; Egocentricity; Egoic; Élan; Eld; Emit ## Empiricism/ Rationalism; Empyreal; Empyrean; En Bloc ## Encapsulate; Enclitic; Eolithic; Epithet; Epizoic; Eristic; Essay; ## Establishable; Evolutionary Psychologists; Examen; Experientialism Echt: • echt (adj.): real; authentic; genuine. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). • echt (adj.): not fake or counterfeit; genuine (=‘being or reflecting the essential or genuine character of something’). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). Egocentricity: egocentricity: ‘Holding the view that the ego is the norm of all experience; viewed or perceived from one’s own mind as a centre; assessing people via the filter of one’s own ego (also ‘ethnocentric’: judging people through a belief in the superiority and rightness of one’s own ethnic group; racism; nationalism). Oxford Dictionary I am using the word egocentric – ‘viewed or perceived from one’s own mind as a centre’ (The American Heritage® Dictionary) – in the same way as ‘ethnocentric’ is used: • ethnocentric: centred on one’s own race or ethnic group; based on or characterised by a tendency to evaluate other races or groups by criteria specific to one’s own; having assumptions or preconceptions originating in the standards, customs, etc., of one’s own race or group. (Oxford Dictionary). Egoic: • egoic (adj.): of or relating to the ego; (adv.): egoically (i.e., in an egoic manner; from or with regard to the ego); (antonym): nonegoic (i.e., not egoic); anegoic (i.e., not egoic; without an ego, or without regard to the ego); [e.g.]: “Most people most of the time experience themselves and others in one or another way that I shall call egoic”⁽*⁾. (page 113, “The Politics of Experience”, by R. D. Laing; 1967); “As long as the egoic mind is running your life, you cannot truly be at ease”. (page 102, “The Power of Now”, by Eckhart Tolle; 1997); “All such lived-experiences are not only modes of consciousness in general, but egoic acts; and this is what we want to make clear now”. (page 16, “Lectures on Transcendental Logic”, by Edmund Husserl, Anthony Steinbock; 2001, Springer). [etymology: ego +‎ -ic]. ~ (Word-Sense Online Dictionary). ⁽*⁾“Most people most of the time experience themselves and others in one or another way that I shall call egoic. That is, centrally or peripherally, they experience the world and themselves in terms of a consistent identity, a me-here over against a you-there, within a framework of certain ground structures of space and time shared by other members of their society. This identity-anchored, space-and-time-bound experience has been studied philosophically by Immanuel Kant (1724-1804), and later by the phenomenologists, e.g. Edmund Husserl (1859-1938), Maurice Merleau-Ponty (1908-1961). Its historical and ontological relativity should be fully realised by any contemporary student of the human scene. Its cultural, socio-economic relativity has become a common-place among anthropologists and a platitude to the Marxists and neo-Marxists. And yet, with the consensual and interpersonal confirmation it offers, it gives us a sense of ontological security, whose validity we experience as self-validating, although metaphysically-historically-ontologically-socio-economically-culturally we know its apparent absolute validity as an illusion. In fact, all religious and all existential philosophies have agreed that such egoic experience is a preliminary illusion, a veil, a film of maya—a dream to Heraclitus and to Lao Tze, the fundamental illusion of all Buddhism, a state of sleep, of death, of socially accepted madness, a womb state to which one has to die, from which one has to be born”. ~ (page 113, “The Politics of Experience”, by Ronald David Laing; 1967, Penguin Books, London). Randomly generated online examples in English: • “The egoic mind is no different with exception that it seeks to feel good through acts that benefit his self. Through evolution, animals have learned to be rewarded with dopamine by actions that promote self-survival”. ~ (page 80, “Joy From Deep Within: True Nature of Your Quantum Self”, by Hemant Gupta). • “If a friend behaved toward you like the egoic mind does, he or she probably wouldn’t be your friend for long! Not only do we put up with the egoic mind, but we believe it and trust it”. ~ (page 46, “Radical Happiness: A Guide to Awakening”, by Gina Lake). • “Within this transpersonal framework, people study consciousness based on three broad developmental categories: the pre-egoic, the egoic, and the transpersonal or trans-egoic. ~ (from “Transpersonal Consciousness”, Exploring Your Mind Magazine; 20 August, 2020). • “Recognising egoic behaviour in yourself and others makes the ego far easier to deal with. What used to feel like terrible situations can now be transcended. ~ (from “Recognising Egoic Behaviour”, Adam Oakley; August 24, 2016). Élan: élan (n.): a combination of stylish elegance and vigorous liveliness; (synonyms): style, spirit, dash, flair, animation, vigour, verve, zest, panache, esprit, brio, vivacity, impetuosity; [e.g.]: “The part was performed with élan by a promising young tenor”. ~ (Collins English Thesaurus). Eld: • eld or eild (n.): 1. old age; 2. olden days; antiquity. [Old English eldu; related to Old Norse elli; see old; viz.: Old English eald, ‘old’; related to Old Saxon ald, Old High German, German alt, Latin altus, ‘high’]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). • elderly (adj.): 1. quite old; past middle age; 2. (as collective noun; preceded by the): the elderly; geriatric; (n.): elderliness; eldership. [Old English eldra, comparative of eald, ‘old’; related to Old Norse ellri, Old High German altiro, Gothic althiza + -ly]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). • eld (n.; archaic): 1. age; 2. old age; 3. olden times; antiquity. [before 1000; Middle English elde, Old English eldo, ieldo, derivative of (e)ald, ‘old’; cf. world; viz.: Old English w(e)orld, cf. Germanic *wer-ald-, literally, ‘age of man’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • elderly (adj.): 1. approaching old age; 2. of or pertaining to persons in later life; (n.): 3. the elderly, elderly persons collectively; (n.): elderliness; eldership. [1605-15, from Old English eldra, comparative of eald, ‘old’ + -ly]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • eld (n.): 1. a late time of life; [e.g.]: “a beard white with eld”; (synonyms): old age, years, age, geezerhood; [e.g.]: “old age is not for sissies”; “he’s showing his years”; “age hasn’t slowed him down at all”; “on the brink of geezerhood”; 2. a time of life (usually defined in years) at which some particular qualification or power arises; [e.g.]: “tall for his eld”; (synonym): age; [e.g.]: “she was now of school age”; lifespan, lifetime, life-time, life (the period during which something is functional (as between birth and death); [e.g.]: “the battery had a short life”; “he lived a long and happy life”. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • eld (n.; obsolete or poetical in all uses): 1. age: said of any period of life; [e.g.]: “Fyfe hundredth wyntres I am of elde, | Me thynk ther ȝeris as yestirday”. (“York Plays”, p. 43); “Lest miȝte the faylled | In thyne olde elde”. (Piers Plowman; B, xii. 8); “That faire child was of foure ȝer eld”. (William of Palerne; E. E. T. S., 1. 3498); 2. old age; senility; also, an old person; [e.g.]: “Weake eld hath left thee nothing wise”. (Edmund Spenser, “Fairie Queene”, II. iii. 16); “The weak fantasy of indigent eld”. (Charles Lamb, “Witches, And Other Night-Fears”); “Time hath reft whate’er my soul enjoy’d, | And with the ills of Eld mine earlier years alloy’d”. (Lord Byron, “Childe Harold”, ii. 98); “Green boyhood presses there, | And waning eld, pleading a youthful soul, | Intreats admission”. (Robert Southey, “Count Pedro’s Castle”); 3. an age; an indefinitely long period of time; [e.g.]: “The thridde werldes elde cam quanne [when], | Thare begat Abram”. (“Genesis and Exodus”, 1. 705); 4. time; [e.g.]: “This storie olde,... | That elde which al can frete and bite... | Hath nygh devoured out of our memorie”. (Geoffery Chaucer, “Anelida and Arcite”, 1. 10); 5. former ages; old times; antiquity; [e.g.]: “Traditions of the saint and sage, | Tales that have the rine of age, | And chronicles of eld”. (Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, “Prelude”). [= Scottish eild, from Middle English eld, elde, eelde, earlier ylde, Anglo-Saxon yldu, yldo, rarely aldu, æld, eld, ‘old age’, ‘an age’, ‘antiquity’ (=Old Saxon eldi = Old High German alti, elti = Icelandic öld, Danish ælde, Gothic alds, ‘age’, ‘an age’), from eald, ‘old’; see old and world]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). Emit: The word ‘emit’ in its monetary sense: • emit (tr.v.): 1. (...); 3. to issue with authority, especially to put (currency) into circulation. [Latin ēmittere, ‘to send out’, fr. ē- + mittere, ‘to send’.]. (American Heritage Dictionary). • emit (vb.tr.): 1. (...); 4. (Economics) to put (currency) into circulation. (Collins English Dictionary). • emit (v.t.): 1. (...); 4. to issue formally, as paper money. (Webster’s College Dictionary). • emit (tr.v.): 1. (...); 3 to issue, as an order or a decree; issue for circulation, as notes or bills of credit. (Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia). Empiricism: empiricism: the doctrine or theory that all knowledge is derived from sense-experience; the doctrine or theory that concepts and statements have meaning only in relation to sense-experience; (opp. rationalism). (Oxford Dictionary). ••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Rationalism: rationalism: the doctrine or theory that reason rather than sense-experience is the foundation of certainty in knowledge; (opp. empiricism). (Oxford Dictionary). Empyreal: • empyreal (adj.): 1. empyrean; 2. of the sky; celestial; 3. elevated; sublime. [Middle English emperiall, from Medieval Latin empyreus, from Late Latin empyrius, ‘fiery’, from Greek empurios, from en-, ‘in²’ + pūr, ‘fire’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). • empyreal (adj.): 1. pertaining to the highest heaven in the cosmology of the ancients; 2. pertaining to the sky; celestial; 3. exalted; sublime. [1475-85; from Late Latin empyre(us), variant of empyrius, ‘of fire’, ‘belonging to the empyrean’; from Late Greek empýrios, from em-² + -pȳrios, derivative of pŷr, ‘fire’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • empyreal (adj.): 1. of or relating to the sky or heavens; 2.inspiring awe; [e.g.]: “well-meaning ineptitude which rises to empyreal absurdity”. (M. S. Dworkin); (synomyns); empyrean, sublime; [e.g.]: “the empyrean sphere”; “empyrean aplomb”. (Hamilton Basso); “the sublime beauty of the night”; glorious (having or deserving or conferring glory; [e.g.]: “a long and glorious career”; “our glorious literature”). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • empyreal (a. and n.): I. (adj.): formed of pure fire or light; pertaining to the highest and purest region of heaven; pure; [e.g.]: “Go, soar with Plato to th’ empyreal sphere”. (Pope, “Essay on Man”, ii. 23); II. (n.; rare): the empyrean; the region of celestial purity; [e.g.]: “The lord-lieutenant looking down sometimes | From the empyreal, to assure their souls | Against chance-vulgarisms”. (Mrs. Browning). [formerly also emperiall (simulating imperial) = French empyréal, from Medieval Latin *empyroeus (as if from Greek *ἐμπυραῖος, a false form), Late Latin empyrǐus or empyrěus, ‘fiery’, from Low Greek ἐμπύριος, for Greek ἐμπυρος, ‘in, on, or by the fire’, ‘fiery’, ‘torrid’, from ἐν, ‘in’ + πῡρ = English ‘fire’; see pyre, fire]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). Empyrean: • empyrean (n.): 1. (a.) the highest reaches of heaven, believed by the ancients to be a realm of pure fire or light; (b.) the abode of God and the angels; paradise; 2. the sky; (adj.): of or relating to the empyrean of ancient belief. [from Medieval Latin empyreum, from empyreus, ‘empyreal’; see empyreal]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). • empyrean (n.): 1. (archaic): the highest part of the (supposedly spherical) heavens, thought in ancient times to contain the pure element of fire and by early Christians to be the abode of God and the angels; 2. (poetic): the heavens or sky; (adj.): 3. of or relating to the sky, the heavens, or the empyrean; 4. heavenly or sublime; 5. (archaic): composed of fire. [C17: from Medieval Latin empyreus, from Greek empuros, ‘fiery’, from pur, ‘fire’]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). • empyrean (n.): 1. the highest heaven, supposed by the ancients to contain the pure element of fire; 2. the visible heavens; the firmament; (adj.): 3. empyreal. [1605-15]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • empyrean (n.): 1. the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected; (synomyns): celestial sphere, firmament, heavens, vault of heaven, welkin, sphere; (adj.): of or relating to the sky or heavens; [e.g.]: “the empyrean sphere”; (synomyn): empyreal; 2. inspiring awe; [e.g.]: “well-meaning ineptitude which rises to empyreal absurdity”. (M. S. Dworkin). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • empyrean (n.): (archaic): the highest part of the (supposedly spherical) heavens, thought in ancient times to contain the pure element of fire and by early Christians to be the abode of God and the angels. ~ (Collins Discovery Encyclopedia). • empyrean: in ancient cosmologies, the Empyrean Heaven, or simply the Empyrean; the place in the highest heaven, which was supposed to be occupied by the element of fire (or aether in Aristotle the Stagirite’s natural philosophy). The word derives from the Medieval Latin empyreus, an adaptation of the Ancient Greek ἔμπυρος (empyros), meaning ‘in or on the fire (pyr)’; the Empyrean was thus used as a name for the firmament, and in Christian literature for the dwelling-place of God, the blessed, celestial beings so divine they are made of pure light, and the source of light and creation; notably, at the very end of Dante’s Paradiso, Dante visits God in the Empyrean; the word is used both as a noun and as an adjective, but empyreal is an alternate adjective form; the scientific words empyreuma and empyreumatic, applied to the characteristic smell of the burning or charring of vegetable or animal matter, have the same Greek origin. ~ (2023 Wikipedia Encyclopaedia). • empyrean ( a. and n.): I. (adj.) empyreal; celestially refined; [e.g.]: “In th’ empyrean heaven, the bless’d abode. | The Thrones and the Dominions prostrate lie. | Not daring to behold their angry God”. (John Dryden, “Annus Mirabilis”; 1667, 1. 1114); “Yet upward she [the goddess] incessant flies; | Resolv’d to reach the high empyrean Sphere”. (Matthew Prior, “Carmen Seculare”; 1700, St. 23); “Lispings empyrean will I sometimes teach | Thine honeyed tongue”. (John Keats, Endymion”; 1880, li); II. (n.): the region of pure light and fire; the highest heaven, where the pure element of fire was supposed by the ancients to exist: the same as the ether, the ninth heaven according to ancient astronomy; [e.g.]: “The deep-domed empyrean | Rings to the roar of an angel onset”. (Alfred Lord Tennyson, “Experiments in Quantity”). [= French empyrée = Provinçal empirey, noun = Spanish empireo = Portuguese empyreo = Italian empireo, adjective, from Medieval Latin *empyraeus, neut. as a noun, *empyroeum; see empyreal]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). • empyreum† (n.): same as empyrean; [e.g.]: “Passed through all | The winding orbs like an Intelligence, | Up to the empyreum”. (Ben Jonson, “The Fortunate Isles and Their Union”; 1625). [Medieval Latin *empyroeum; see empyreal]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). • empyry† (n.): the empyrean; [e.g.]: “This hevcn is cald empiry: that is at say, heven that is fyry”. (Richard Rolle de Hampote, “The Pricke of Conscience”, l. 7761). [Middle English empiry, from Old French empyrée, see empyrean]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). En Bloc: • en bloc (adv.): as a unit; all together. [French; en, ‘in’ + bloc, ‘lump’, ‘bloc’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). • en bloc (adv.): in a lump or block; as a body or whole; all together. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). • en bloc (adv. & adj.; French): as a whole; all together. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • en bloc (adv.): all together; (synonyms): as a group, en masse; [e.g.]: “the students turned out en masse”. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). Encapsulate: Encapsulate (v.tr.): 1. to encase in or as if in a capsule; 2. to express in a brief summary; epitomise; [e.g.]: “headlines that encapsulate the news”; (v.intr.): to become encapsulated; (n.): encapsulation, encapsulator; (v.): encapsulated, encapsulating, encapsulates. (American Heritage Dictionary). Enclitic: enclitic (n.): (a). denoting or relating to a monosyllabic word or form attached to the end of the preceding word; (b). denoting or relating to a word which throws an accent back onto the preceding word. [e.g. “give’em the works” and “we’re”]. [square-bracketed insert added]. ~ (Collins Dictionary). Eolithic: eolithic (adj.): of or relating to the earliest stone-age period characterised by the use of eoliths (=‘crude stone artefacts, usually chipped flint, utilised as primitive tools’). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). Epithet: [Dictionary definitions]: • epithet (n.): an abusive or contemptuous word or phrase. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). • epithet (n.): an abusive insulting word or phrase. ~ (Encarta English Dictionary). • epithet (n.): an offensive or derogatory expression used of a person; a term of abuse, a profanity. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary). • epithet (n.): a disparaging or abusive word or phrase. ~ (Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary). • epithet (n.): a defamatory or abusive word or phrase. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • epithet (n.): a descriptive phrase used esp. to criticise or insult a person or a group of people. ~ (Cambridge English Dictionary). Epizoic: epizoic: adj. (biol.): (of a plant or animal) growing or living non-parasitically on the exterior of a living animal. [mid 19th century: from epi- ‘upon’ + Greek zōion ‘animal’ + -ic.] ~ (Oxford Dictionary) Equity: equity (n.; pl. equities): the state, action or quality of even-handed dealing, even-handedness; fairness, justness; \ impartiality; unbiased; (adj.): equitable; (adv.): equitably; (n.): equitability, equitableness; equitarian.\ ~ (Online Neoteric Dictionary). Eristic: • eristic (n.): 1. a person who engages in disputation; 2. the art of disputation; 3. (adj.): (also, eristical): pertaining to controversy or disputation; (adv.): eristically. [1630-40; from Greek eristikós; from erist(ós), verbal adjective of erízein, derivative of éris, ‘discord’ + -ikos, ‘-ic’]. ~ (Webster’s College Dictionary). • eristic (n.): a person who disputes; who is good at or enjoys controversy; (synonyms): arguer, debater, disputant, controversialist; polemicist, polemist, polemic (a writer who argues in opposition to others, esp. in theology); reasoner, ratiocinator (someone who reasons rationally); analogist (someone who looks for analogies or who reasons by analogy); apologist (a person who argues to defend or justify some policy or institution; [e.g.]: “an apologist for capital punishment”); advocate, advocator, exponent, proponent (a person who pleads for a cause or propounds an idea); justifier, vindicator; confuter, disprover, rebutter, refuter (a debater who refutes or disproves by offering contrary evidence or argument); reformer, reformist, social reformer, crusader, meliorist (a disputant who advocates reform); 2. the art of logical disputation (especially if specious); (synonyms): hair-splitter (a disputant who makes unreasonably fine distinctions); quarreller (a disputant who quarrels); wrangler (someone who argues noisily or angrily); logomach, logomachist (someone given to disputes over words); 3. (adj.): (also eristical): given to disputation for its own sake and often employing specious arguments; argumentative (given to or characterised by argument; [e.g.]: “an argumentative discourse”; “argumentative to the point of being cantankerous”; “an intelligent but argumentative child”); (synonyms): casuist, sophist (someone whose reasoning is subtle and often specious); devil’s advocate (someone who takes the worse side just for the sake of argument). ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • eristic (n.; pl. eristics): one who makes specious arguments; one who is disputatious; [e.g.]: “a specimen of admirable special pleading in the court of eristic logic” (Coleridge); (adj.): provoking strife, controversy or discord; *eristical* (adj.): obsolete form of eristic; eristically (adv.): in an eristic manner. [emphasis added]. [etymology: borrowed from Ancient Greek ἐ ριστικός ‎(eristikós), ‘eager for strife’; from Ancient Greek Ἔρις ‎(Éris 8206;), from ἔρις‎ (éris), ‘strife’‎; Eris, the goddess of discord, confusion, and strife, is traditionally blamed for the Trojan War but is celebrated in Discordianism (a modern absurdist religion) as the creative principle]. ~ (Wiktionary English Dictionary). Eristical: eristical (adj.): given to or characterised by disputatious, often specious argument; eristic. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). Essay: essay (n.): a short literary composition dealing with a subject analytically; (synonyms): composition, study, paper, article, piece, assignment, discourse, tract, treatise, dissertation, disquisition; [e.g.]: “He was asked to write an essay about his home town”. ~ (Collins English Thesaurus). Establishable: establishable (adj.): able to be established or secured.~ (Collins English Dictionary). Evolutionary psychologists, so-named in 1973 & popularised in 1992 Viz.: • The term evolutionary psychology was probably coined by Michael Ghiselin in his 1973 article in the AAAS magazine ‘Science’ (‘Darwin and Evolutionary Psychology’. Science Vol. 179, No. 4077, pp.: 964-968). Leda Cosmides and John Tooby popularized the term in their highly influential 1992 book ‘The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and The Generation of Culture’. (www.wordiq.com/definition/Evolutionary_psychology). Examen: • examen (n.): a critical study (as of a writer’s work); criticism, critique. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). • examen (n.): an examination; an investigation. [Latin exāmen, ‘a weighing out’, from exigere, ‘to weigh out’, ‘demand’, from ex- + agere, ‘to weigh’]. ~ (American Heritage Dictionary). Experientialism: the theory or doctrine that all knowledge is based on experience. (Oxford Dictionary). RETURN TO DEFINITIONS INDEX RICHARD’S HOME PAGE The Third Alternative (Peace On Earth In This Life Time As This Flesh And Blood Body) Here is an actual freedom from the Human Condition, surpassing Spiritual Enlightenment and any other Altered State Of Consciousness, and challenging all philosophy, psychiatry, metaphysics (including quantum physics with its mystic cosmogony), anthropology, sociology ... and any religion along with its paranormal theology. Discarding all of the beliefs that have held humankind in thralldom for aeons, the way has now been discovered that cuts through the ‘Tried and True’ and enables anyone to be, for the first time, a fully free and autonomous individual living in utter peace and tranquillity, beholden to no-one. Richard's Text ©The Actual Freedom Trust: 1997- . All Rights Reserved. Disclaimer and Use Restrictions and Guarantee of Authenticity