# Actual Freedom – Definitions

# Definitions ## Apathy; Empathy; Passionate; Pathetic; Pathematic ## Pathologic; Pathologisation; Protopathic/ Epicritic Sympathy Apathy: Apathy (n.): absence of emotion. [C17: from Latin, from Greek apatheia, from apathēs, ‘without feeling’, from a- + pathos, ‘feeling’]. ~ (Collins English Dictionary). Empathy: Empathy (n.) 1908, modelled on German Einfühlung (from ein, ‘in’ + Fühlung, ‘feeling’), which was coined 1858 by German philosopher Rudolf Lotze (1817-1881) as a translation of Greek empatheia, ‘passion, state of emotion’, from assimilated form of en, ‘in’ + pathos, ‘feeling’ (see pathos; viz.: ‘quality that arouses pity or sorrow’; 1660s, from Greek pathos, ‘suffering, feeling, emotion, calamity’, literally ‘what befalls one’, related to paskhein, ‘to suffer’, and penthos, ‘grief, sorrow’]. ~ (Online Etymology Dictionary). Passionate: passionate (n.): one who is strongly moved by passion, especially the passion of love. (New English Dictionary). [from Medieval Latin passionatus, ‘passionate’, ‘impassioned’, pp. of passionare, ‘be affected with passion’]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). Pathematic: • pathematic: of or pertaining to the emotions; caused or characterised by emotion. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary). • pathematic: of, pertaining to, or designating, emotion or suffering. [Gr. fr. ‘a suffering’; ‘to suffer’]. ~ (Webster’s 1913 Dictionary). • pathematic: pertaining to or designating emotion or that which is suffered. [Gr. liable to suffering or misfortune; suffering; suffer, endure: see pathos {viz.: related to L. pati, suffer: hence pathetic, etc., and the second element in apathy, antipathy, sympathy, etc., homeopathy, etc.}]. [Curly bracketed insert added] ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). • path​e​mat​ic (adj.; archaic): emotional; (adv.): pathematically. [Greek pathēmatikos, from pathēmat-, pathēma, ‘suffering’, ‘emotion’; from path-, stem of paschein, ‘to experience’, ‘suffer’ + -ikos, -ic]. [emphasis added]. ~ (Merriam-Webster Dictionary). • pathematic (adj.; rare): pertaining to the passions or emotions; caused or characterised by emotion. [from Greek pathematicos, ‘liable to passions or emotions’, from pathema, ‘what one suffers’, ‘suffering emotion’, from stem path-; see pathetic]. ~ (Oxford English Dictionary). • pathematic (adj.): of, pertaining to, or designating, emotion or suffering. [from Greek pathimatikós, ‘a suffering’; ‘to suffer’]. ~ (Webster’s 1913 Dictionary). • pathematic (adj.): pertaining to or designating emotion or that which is suffered; [e.g.]: “It is this command of the will over the attention, which, transmitting the intellectual into the moral, makes duties of heedfulness and consideration... as the great ligament between the percipient and the pathematic parts of our nature. It is by its means that the will is made to touch at least the springs of emotion—if it do not touch the emotions themselves”. (Rev. Thomas Chalmers, “The Power, Wisdom, and Goodness of God”, Part II, Chap. II: ‘The Connection between the Intellect and the Will’, page 279; Carey, Lea & Blanchard, Philadelphia, 1833). [from Greek παθηματικός, ‘liable to suffering or misfortune’; from πάθημα, ‘suffering’; from παθειν, second aorist of πάσχειν, ‘suffer’, ‘endure’; see pathos; viz.: New Latin, from Greek πάθος, ‘suffering’, ‘disease’, ‘misery’; of the soul, any passive emotion, violent feeling, passive condition, etc., also ‘sensibility’, ‘feeling’; from παθείν, second aorist of πάσχειν, (perfect, πέπονθα), ‘suffer’, ‘endure’, ‘undergo’, ‘receive or feel an impression’, ‘feel’, ‘be liable’, ‘yearn’; from √παθ, also in πόθος, ‘longing’, ‘yearning’, ‘desire’, etc.; related to Latin pati, ‘suffer’; see patient; viz.: from Latin patien(t-)s, ppr. of pati, ‘suffer’, ‘endure’; see pathos, passion; viz.: Late Latin passio(n), ‘suffering’, ‘enduring’, from Latin pati, pp. passus, ‘suffer’, ‘endure’, ‘undergo’; hence pathetic, etc., and the second element in apathy, antipathy, sympathy, etc., homeopathy, etc.]. ~ (Century Dictionary and Cyclopaedia). Pathetic: I am using the word ‘pathetic’ in the Oxford Dictionary meaning of ‘pertaining to the emotions’ (and passions) with its etymological ‘liable to suffer’ connotation. Viz.: • ‘pathetic: pert. to (esp. arousing) the emotions. – F. pathetique – late L. patheticus – Gr. patheticos (sensitive) – f. pathetos (liable to suffer), f. pathe of pathos (exciting pity or sadness) – related to paskhein (suffer), penthos (grief)’. ~ (Oxford Concise Dictionary of English Etymology). • ‘pathetic: producing an effect upon the emotions; moving, stirring; expressing or arising from strong emotion; passionate, earnest; of or pertaining to the emotions ...’. ~ (Oxford Dictionary). Pathetically: • ‘pathetically: with strong emotion, passionately, earnestly’. ~ (Oxford Dictionary) All in one: Pathologic: pathologic (adj.): caused by or altered by or manifesting disease or pathology (=‘any deviation from a healthy or normal condition’); (synonyms): diseased, morbid, *pathological*; [e.g.]: “the pathological bodily processes”; “the pathological laboratory”. [emphasis added]. ~ (Princeton’s WordNet 3.0). Pathologisation: pathologisation (n.): the act of unfairly or wrongly considering something or someone as a problem, especially a medical problem; (tr.v.): pathologise; cf. medicalisation; [e.g.]: “There is an ever-growing medicalisation and pathologisation of fatness”. ~ (Cambridge Advanced Learner’s Dictionary & Thesaurus). Protopathic protopathic: involving the discrimination of relatively coarse sensory (esp. cutaneous) stimuli, chiefly heat, cold, and pain. [f. proto- + Gk pathos suffering, feeling, disease + -IC.] ~ (Oxford Dictionary). •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• Epicritic: epicritic: involving fine discrimination of sensory (esp. cutaneous) stimuli. [Gk epikritikos adjudicatory, f. epikrinein decide, f. as EPI- + krinein to judge: see -IC.] ~ (Oxford Dictionary). A distinction between the discriminatory (epicritic) and emotional (protopathic) features of sensations was made by Sir Henry Head (1861-1940), a British neurologist. ~(Encyclopaedia Britannica). Sympathy: • sympathy (n.), ‘affinity between certain things’, from Middle French sympathie (16c.) and directly from Late Latin sympathia, ‘community of feeling’, ‘sympathy’, from Greek sympatheia, ‘fellow-feeling’, ‘community of feeling’, from sympathes, ‘having a fellow feeling’, ‘affected by like feelings’, from assimilated form of syn-, ‘together’ (see syn-; viz.: word-forming element meaning ‘together with’, ‘jointly’; ‘alike’; ‘at the same time’, also sometimes completive or intensive, from Greek syn (prep.) ‘with’, ‘together with’, ‘along with’, ‘in the company of’) + pathos, ‘feeling’ (see pathos; viz.: ‘quality that arouses pity or sorrow’; 1660s, from Greek pathos, ‘suffering, feeling, emotion, calamity’, literally ‘what befalls one’, related to paskhein, ‘to suffer’, and penthos ‘grief, sorrow’). ~ (Online Etymology Dictionary). As the word sympathy (‘syn’ + ‘feeling’) literally means ‘together-feeling’ or ‘jointly-feeling’ or ‘feeling-alike’ – as in, two feeling-beings feeling the same, or similar, feelings – it is distinctly different to the word empathy (‘in’ + ‘feeling’) literally meaning ‘feeling-in’ or ‘feeling-into’ (as in, one feeling-being vicariously feeling another’s feelings). RETURN TO DEFINITIONS INDEX RICHARD’S HOME PAGE The Third Alternative (Peace On Earth In This Life Time As This Flesh And Blood Body) Here is an actual freedom from the Human Condition, surpassing Spiritual Enlightenment and any other Altered State Of Consciousness, and challenging all philosophy, psychiatry, metaphysics (including quantum physics with its mystic cosmogony), anthropology, sociology ... and any religion along with its paranormal theology. Discarding all of the beliefs that have held humankind in thralldom for aeons, the way has now been discovered that cuts through the ‘Tried and True’ and enables anyone to be, for the first time, a fully free and autonomous individual living in utter peace and tranquillity, beholden to no-one. Richard's Text ©The Actual Freedom Trust: 1997- . All Rights Reserved. Disclaimer and Use Restrictions and Guarantee of Authenticity